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Hisar University Secures a Patent for Waste Paper Recycling

 In a major advancement for the recycling industry and circular economy, a 20-year patent titled ‘A Novel and Efficient Method for Deinking During Recycling of Waste Paper’ has been granted to Prof. Namita Singh, her PhD student Dr. Anita Devi, and Dr. Rajneesh Jaryal from the Department of Biotechnology at Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology (GJUST), Hisar.

The research was funded by the University Grants Commission (UGC) and the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India. Vice-Chancellor Prof. Narsi Ram Bishnoi and Registrar Prof. Vinod Chhokar praised the patent as a ‘proud achievement’ for the university and congratulated the inventors on this significant accomplishment.

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Accenture Federal Services Secures $75M Contract for Patent Office Deal

Accenture Federal Services has secured a $75 million contract to enhance the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and modernise the patent examination process at the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The USPTO handles hundreds of thousands of patent applications annually, all of which must be thoroughly reviewed before approval. The integration of AI technology in IT tools aims to improve the efficiency and quality of these examinations.

‘The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is a 200-year-old federal agency at the forefront of technology and innovation, playing a vital role in safeguarding the rights of U.S. inventors and business owners,’ stated Rasha Nahas, Managing Director at Accenture Federal Services and Client Account Lead for the Department of Commerce. ‘Over the past four years, Accenture Federal Services has worked closely with the USPTO, successfully introducing new AI capabilities tailored to enhance patent examination and support mission-critical outcomes.’

A crucial aspect of the patent examination process is conducting a thorough prior art search. The rapid increase in prior art, coupled with the fast-paced evolution of technology, has made it increasingly challenging for examiners to quickly and efficiently identify relevant prior art.

‘Accenture Federal Services is proud to support the United States Patent and Trademark Office in driving innovation and transforming ideas into impactful results,’ said Denise Zheng, Chief AI Officer and Data & AI Lead at Accenture Federal Services. ‘Our team is helping the USPTO strengthen the intellectual property system, improve operations, and develop a roadmap for future modernization. What began as a pilot prototype has now evolved into an AI-based production environment, complete with a suite of tools available to patent examiners and the public.’

Accenture Federal Services, a subsidiary of Accenture LLP, is a leading U.S. federal services provider. We empower the federal government to overcome challenges, achieve better outcomes, and build a digital foundation that is agile, intelligent, and secure. Our team of 15,500 individuals is dedicated to advancing our clients’ mission-critical priorities, making the nation stronger and safer, and improving life for its citizens. By leveraging Accenture’s global network, we bring proven commercial innovation to solutions developed with advanced R&D, emerging technologies, and human-centred design. Together, we help clients create lasting value for their workforce, customers, and partners, making a meaningful difference for the country and our communities. Discover more at accenturefederal.com.

Vakilsearch offers comprehensive legal services tailored to meet these needs, ensuring your intellectual property is well-protected and legally compliant. Our expert team provides end-to-end support, from filing applications to defending your rights, helping you secure your intellectual property in today’s fast-evolving digital landscape. Choose Vakilsearch for a seamless experience and peace of mind in safeguarding your innovations.

Virtual Boundaries: The New Front in Trademark Disputes

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India’s Trade Marks Act, 1999 evolves to include virtual goods, Virtual Boundaries and NFTs. Companies face challenges in IP protection in the metaverse, necessitating updated strategies. As the global business landscape shifts, companies are increasingly leveraging their intellectual property (IP) assets to secure a position in the expanding metaverse economy. This trend is gaining traction both in India and internationally, reflecting a strategic move towards safeguarding brand identity in the digital space. Major corporations are filing trademark applications specifically for the virtual world, including the metaverse and NFTs. For example, Nike has sought trademarks for its brands like ‘Nike,’ ‘Just Do It,’ ‘Air Jordan,’ and ‘Jumpman’ in categories such as ‘downloadable virtual goods’ and ‘retail store services featuring virtual goods.’

The rise in trademark filings underscores the growing importance of IP protection as businesses explore new virtual markets. However, transitioning IP laws into the digital domain presents challenges. Copyright laws, which protect creative works like digital art and music within NFTs, require originality and expression. One major issue is that buying an NFT does not transfer the copyright of the original content, a crucial distinction to prevent infringement.

The metaverse also brings additional legal complexities. Enforcing IP rights in a space where identities are hidden behind digital avatars and transactions are anonymised by blockchain technology is challenging. Jurisdictional issues further complicate the landscape, particularly when infringement claims fall outside the reach of metaverse platforms or NFT marketplaces.

In India, while the Trademarks Act, 1999 provides a foundation, it is adapting to include terms like ‘virtual goods’ and ‘non-fungible tokens,’ following recent guidelines from the European Union Intellectual Property Office and the United States Patent and Trademark Office. This evolution is evident as companies like McDonald’s and Reliance seek trademarks for virtual goods.

Some metaverses have begun to implement governing laws and dispute resolution mechanisms, showing how jurisdictions are integrating international public law into the virtual realm. In India, courts have used ‘long-arm jurisdiction’ to address disputes involving computer networks, potentially setting a legal precedent for IP issues in the metaverse.

As case law around IP infringement in the metaverse develops, companies must evaluate whether their current IP rights are sufficient to protect their brand identity and designs in this new virtual world. CFOs and other organisational value protectors should stay informed about these changes to effectively navigate the intersection of traditional IP law and the digital frontier.

Without specific regulations in place, companies are advised to develop robust IP protection strategies, including registering trademarks for virtual goods and services and staying informed about new guidelines and case law developments. In India, the Trademarks Act, 1999 is adapting to these changes, setting the stage for businesses to extend their brand protection into the metaverse. Vakilsearch can provide expert legal guidance on navigating these evolving IP challenges, helping businesses secure their digital presence and mitigate risks in the virtual world.

Delhi HC Fines Website ₹5 Lakh for Using Louis Vuitton’s Copyrighted Images

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In a case filed by Louis Vuitton Malletier seeking permanent injunction, damages, and other reliefs against the defendants, Mini Pushkarna, J., highlighted that the sole issue before the Court was the unauthorised use of Copyrighted Images by the defendants, which were copyrighted to the plaintiff. Consequently, the Court prohibited the defendants from using these photographs, images, and promotional materials. Additionally, the Court ruled that the defendants must pay ₹5,00,000 directly to the plaintiff in France, as requested by the plaintiff.

 In January 2022 and November 2022, the plaintiff discovered that Defendants 1 and 2 were selling products on their website using unauthorised photographs and images copyrighted by the plaintiff. The plaintiff, who regularly conducts photoshoots for advertising its products, asserted that the rights to these images were exclusive. Concerns about the authenticity of the defendants’ products were raised, although the genuineness of the products was not a matter for this Court. The defendants had removed the infringing content from their website, and the Court decided that the plaintiff was entitled to costs.

The Court focused solely on the unauthorised use of copyrighted photographs and images. It issued an injunction against the defendants, forbidding the use of these materials and any promotional material owned by the plaintiff. The defendants were also instructed not to sell new plaintiff products without written consent but could continue selling certified pre-owned goods from the plaintiff, provided they clearly stated this on their website. The defendants were ordered to pay ₹5,00,000 directly to the plaintiff in France, as per the plaintiff’s request.

This judgement underscores the importance of respecting intellectual property rights and demonstrates the court’s commitment to upholding copyright laws. For businesses facing similar legal challenges or seeking to protect their intellectual property, Vakilsearch offers comprehensive legal services. Our experienced legal team specialises in intellectual property law and can guide you through the complexities of safeguarding your creative assets and ensuring compliance with the law.

OpenAI Rejects Copyright Infringement Claims

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OpenAI has responded to a copyright infringement in a federal court in California to claims that it improperly used the works of authors such as Michael Chabon, Ta-Nehisi Coates, and comedian Sarah Silverman to train its AI models. In its response, OpenAI argued that it uses copyrighted material in a manner consistent with fair use, which it believes is essential for developing new ideas and generating original content through its models, like ChatGPT.

The company emphasised that the AI training process is not about sharing copyrighted works with human audiences but rather about creating new content based on an understanding of language and knowledge. The court case, known as In re OpenAI ChatGPT Litigation, is ongoing, with both OpenAI and the authors’ legal teams yet to comment further on the recent filing. 

Several lawsuits have been filed by copyright holders, including writers and music publishers, against tech companies over the alleged unauthorised use of their content for training AI systems. Both Meta and OpenAI have managed to have some claims dismissed, though the central issue of whether training AI with internet-scraped material violates copyright laws remains unresolved.

It highlights the ongoing debate over the legal boundaries of AI training methods and their impact on intellectual property rights. For those facing copyright infringement or seeking to understand the complexities of copyright law in the AI era, Vakilsearch offers expert legal services. Our team is well-versed in navigating the intricacies of intellectual property disputes, ensuring that your rights are protected in an evolving digital landscape.

Telegram CEO Pavel Durov Under Formal Investigation in France

Pavel Durov, the Russian-born founder of Telegram, is now under formal investigation following his arrest as part of a probe into organised crime activities on his social media and messaging platform. Durov was detained after arriving in Paris on a private jet on Saturday, drawing attention to the legal responsibilities of app providers and sparking debate over the balance between free speech and legal enforcement.

On Wednesday, French judicial authorities officially placed Durov, who holds French citizenship, under investigation for allegedly failing to assist in criminal investigations and for his role in facilitating criminal activities on Telegram. The charges against him include complicity in running an online platform used for illicit transactions, child exploitation material, drug trafficking, fraud, refusal to cooperate with authorities, money laundering, and providing cryptographic services to criminals.

Paris prosecutor Laure Beccuau stated that an investigative judge found sufficient grounds to pursue all charges against Durov. Beccuau also noted that Telegram’s lack of response to cooperation requests prompted the Paris cybercrime unit to initiate an investigation in February 2024, with similar concerns raised by other French and European agencies.

Durov’s lawyer, David-Olivier Kaminski, criticised the charges, calling them ‘absurd’ and asserting that Telegram adheres to European digital regulations. Being formally investigated does not equate to guilt or guarantee a trial; it merely indicates that the judges believe there is enough evidence to continue the inquiry, which could take years.

Durov has been released on bail, required to pay a deposit of five million euros ($5.56 million), report to police twice a week, and stay in France. Telegram asserted its compliance with EU laws and maintained that Durov has nothing to hide. 

In addition to his Russian citizenship, Durov is also a citizen of the UAE and Saint Kitts and Nevis. The UAE Foreign Ministry has requested that France provide Durov with necessary consular services, while Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov expressed hope that Durov would have access to adequate legal support, noting the complexity added by his French citizenship.

President Emmanuel Macron addressed concerns on X, emphasising that the arrest was not politically motivated but part of an independent investigation. He reaffirmed France’s commitment to free expression, but emphasised that such freedoms must operate within a legal framework to protect citizens and their rights.

The arrest and formal investigation of Pavel Durov, Telegram’s founder, by French authorities over alleged complicity in criminal activities on his platform underscores the complex legal landscape surrounding digital communications and the responsibilities of app providers. This situation highlights the growing scrutiny on tech companies regarding their role in facilitating or hindering criminal investigations. For businesses and individuals navigating such high-stakes legal challenges, Vakilsearch offers expert legal services to manage cases involving digital platforms, compliance with international regulations, and protection against criminal allegations. Our experienced legal team ensures comprehensive support, guiding you through every step of the legal process to safeguard your interests and uphold justice.

Gujarat Floods: Death Toll Hits 28; PM Modi Contacts CM

Gujarat floods due to ongoing heavy rainfall, prompting the India Meteorological Department (IMD) to issue a ‘red’ alert for several regions of the state on August 19. The IMD predicts that a deep depression over Saurashtra and Kachchh will strengthen as it moves toward the northeast Arabian Sea, leading to additional heavy rainfall. In the past three days, the death toll from rain-related incidents has risen to 28.

IMD forecasts extremely heavy rain for 12 districts: Kachchh, Devbhoomi Dwarka, Jamnagar, Morbi, Surendranagar, Rajkot, Porbandar, Junagarh, Gir Somnath, Amreli, Bhavnagar, and Botad.

On Wednesday, districts in Saurashtra, including Devbhoomi Dwarka, Jamnagar, Rajkot, and Porbandar, recorded 50-200 mm of rain over a 12-hour period ending at 6 pm. Bhanvad taluka in Devbhoomi Dwarka received 185 mm, the highest in the state.

The Army has deployed six contingents to support 14 National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and 22 State Disaster Response Force (SDRF) teams with rescue and relief operations.

State relief commissioner Alok Pandey reported that around 40,000 people have been evacuated from affected areas. NDRF inspector Manjit noted that 95 people have been rescued from flood-affected regions, with significant flooding in Dwarka.

The death toll from Gujarat Floods has reached 28. Gujarat health minister Rushikesh Patel stated that over 5,000 people have been rehabilitated. The IMD indicated that the deep depression remains near Bhuj, Gujarat, and is expected to move west-southwest into the northeast Arabian Sea by August 30, with a possibility of temporary intensification.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi assured Gujarat Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel of central government support and guidance for protecting lives and livestock. Chief Minister Patel has urged officials to prioritise relief efforts, including distributing food, water, and healthcare supplies, and restoring power in affected districts.

For businesses and individuals affected by this natural disaster, navigating the legal and administrative challenges that arise can be daunting. Vakilsearch offers comprehensive support to help you manage insurance claims, property disputes, and other legal matters related to flood damage. Our expert team is ready to assist you in navigating these complex situations with ease and efficiency, ensuring your rights and interests are fully protected.

FIR Against Ex-Maharashtra DGP for Extortion

The Thane city police have filed an FIR against seven individuals, including former Maharashtra DGP Sanjay Pandey, for alleged irregularities and extortion. The FIR, lodged on Monday, follows a complaint by Mumbai businessman Sanjay Punamiya, who reported harassment from the accused between May 2021 and 30 June 2024.

The accused alongside Pandey include retired ACP Sardar Patil, PI Manohar Patil, Advocate Shekar Jagtap, Shyamsunder Agrawal, Subham Agrawal, and Sharad Agrawal. Punamiya’s complaint alleges that the accused illegally reopened a 2016 crime case with the Thane Nagar police, threatened him and other businessmen with false charges, extorted money, and fabricated documents while impersonating a Special Public Prosecutor to mislead the courts.

The FIR includes various sections of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), such as Section 166(a) for misconduct by a public servant, Section 170 for impersonation, Section 120B for criminal conspiracy, Section 193 for false evidence, and other sections related to forgery, extortion, and criminal intimidation. The police are investigating the case, but no arrests have been made so far.

Vakilsearch offers expert legal support to navigate complex criminal allegations and irregularities. Our team of experienced lawyers is well-equipped to handle cases involving misconduct, extortion, and false charges. Our team provides strategic legal counsel, manages evidence, and ensures robust court representation to address allegations of misconduct, extortion, and false charges effectively. 

FSSAI Mandates Calorie Display; Zerodha CEO Reacts

Zerodha co-founder Nithin Kamath has voiced his support for the government’s initiative, highlighting the significance of displaying calorie and carbohydrate information on menus. According to a report in The Economic Times, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) is preparing to enforce regulations on restaurant chains with 10 or more outlets that have yet to include nutritional information on their menus. This regulation, which was originally implemented in July 2022, could significantly affect thousands of restaurants across the country that are non-compliant.

Kamath suggests that presenting calorie and carbohydrate data as a percentage could make it more understandable, thus promoting healthier eating habits among Indians. In his post on X (formerly Twitter), he stated, ‘Seeing calories, protein, carbs, etc., on a menu is a good start. Ideally, we need to see calories as a percentage of daily calories, proteins, etc. Most Indians don’t yet understand calories, but potentially, they could as a percentage. But yeah, one step at a time, and this mandatory display is a great first step.’

Dietician Suhani Seth Agarwal, Head of Department, Dietetics at Yatharth Super Speciality Hospital, Noida, acknowledges the merits of this initiative but also notes potential drawbacks.

For most people, adding calorie information to restaurant menus is a positive step toward healthier eating habits. It enables consumers to make more informed choices, particularly for those who are conscious of their weight, managing conditions like diabetes, or aiming to maintain a balanced diet. This transparency can help diners control portion sizes and select meals that align with their daily caloric needs, potentially leading to better public health outcomes.

However, focusing too much on calorie counts can have negative effects, especially for individuals with eating disorders or an unhealthy obsession with calorie counting. Seth points out that this emphasis on numbers may lead people to prioritise calorie reduction over nutritional quality, potentially avoiding nutrient-dense foods simply because they are higher in calories. Additionally, the constant visibility of calorie numbers could increase food anxiety, leading to a restrictive mindset and a strained relationship with food.

While calorie labelling can be a useful tool for those with specific health conditions or dietary goals, it should be part of a broader nutritional approach, rather than the sole focus.

In light of the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) enforcing new regulations on displaying calorie and carbohydrate information on menus. The move is generally seen as positive, it also brings potential challenges, such as the risk of an overemphasis on calorie counts leading to unhealthy food choices or anxiety.

Navigating regulatory changes and ensuring compliance with new standards can be complex. Vakilsearch offers expert legal support to help businesses adapt to these regulations seamlessly. Our experienced professionals provide tailored guidance to ensure your business meets FSSAI requirements efficiently while addressing any potential drawbacks in the new regulations.

Deleting Messages Not a Crime: SC Grants Bail to K Kavitha

In a recent Supreme Court hearing, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and the Enforcement Directorate (ED) levelled accusations against BRS leader K Kavitha, claiming that she had engaged in ‘tampering with evidence’ by deleting messages and formatting her mobile phones. These actions, according to the agencies, were intended to obstruct justice. However, during the proceedings on Tuesday, the Supreme Court indicated that simply deleting messages from a phone is ‘normal behaviour’ and cannot be considered a criminal act. It went on to give offer Bail, stating unless there is additional supporting evidence its not a crime.

The case was presented before a bench comprising Justices B R Gavai and K V Viswanathan. The additional solicitor general, S V Raju, argued that Kavitha’s actions amounted to evidence tampering, a serious offence that warranted further legal scrutiny. He asserted that the deletion of messages and formatting of phones could potentially hinder the investigation.

This argument was met with strong opposition from senior advocate Mukul Rohatgi, who represented K Kavitha. Rohatgi countered by pointing out that people frequently use their phones in a casual manner, often treating them as disposable items. He explained that Kavitha had simply upgraded to a new phone and had formatted her old device before passing it on to her servant, a common practice that should not be construed as a criminal act. Rohatgi emphasised that changing phones and deleting personal data is a normal practice, not an indication of guilt.

The bench appeared to concur with Rohatgi’s reasoning, noting that it is not uncommon for people to own and use multiple phones. The justices pointed out that deleting messages or formatting a phone, in and of itself, does not constitute a criminal act. Justice Viswanathan elaborated on this point, remarking that mobile phones are private devices containing various types of personal information. He shared a personal anecdote, stating, ‘I have a habit of deleting messages in school and college groups were so many things are put,’ to highlight that such behaviour is part of ordinary human conduct and should not be automatically viewed with suspicion.

The court’s observations suggest a nuanced approach to the issue. Before offering Bail it recognised that actions like deleting messages and formatting phones are common and not inherently indicative of criminal intent. The case remains ongoing, with further evidence needed to substantiate any claims of wrongdoing.

Navigating complex legal cases involving accusations of evidence tampering requires expert legal support. Vakilsearch’s experienced legal professionals are adept at handling intricate scenarios like these, offering tailored advice and strategic defense to safeguard your interests. Our team is well-versed in addressing Bail, similar legal challenges and ensuring that your case is presented effectively in court. If you find yourself facing accusations or require guidance on managing sensitive legal issues, Vakilsearch is here to provide expert support. Our comprehensive legal services are designed to help you navigate and resolve complex legal matters with confidence.